On November 3rd, 1957, the Russian Space Agency launched
Sputnik 2 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
Onboard this satellite was a lone intrepid traveller, a mongrel dog
named Laika. Little Laika was the first
living creature to successfully travel in orbit, but this is not his short
story.
Laika bravely prepares for launch at the Baikonur Cosmodrome |
Sputnik 2 demonstrated to the Americans just how far ahead
the Soviet space program was. As the
Cold War Space Race began in earnest, a panic set in to redress the apparent
technological imbalance and prove the supremacy of the American Space program.
Whilst the Americans usually preferred using primates in
spaceflight tests, for various physiological and symbolic reasons a dog was
chosen for the following attempt at a planetary orbit. So, on November 29,
1961, a young Alsatian named Major made a pioneering dual orbit around the
Earth in a Mercury capsule as preparation for the following manned flight.
On his safe return, Major was retired. As government property, Major would probably
have been euthanised had he not shared his retirement with NASA Professor Daryl
MacIntyre.
“To me he was a symbol of our achievement, a brave friend
and a true American hero,” explained MacIntyre, “Our entire research team had
bonded with him and his survival on re-entry had marked a turning point in our
space program. His neutralisation would
have been a public relations disaster.”
Major enjoyed his civilian status for only a short while
before Prof. MacIntyres’ son, Jamie, a 2nd Lieutenant assigned to
the US Scout Dog Unit, suggested that Major could return to the service of his
country. In early February 1968, Major
officially enlisted at Fort Benning, Georgia, undergoing basic training with
the 48th Scout Dog Platoon.
Filled with patriotic enthusiasm, Major excelled in his new
role. However, before Major could
properly settle into the routine of the peacetime military lifestyle, the same
fear of communism that had originally launched his flight into space would soon
send Major on a new and very different mission on behalf of his country.
Lance Corporal Ralph H. McWilliam & his scout dog, Vietnam, November 1967 |
In November 1963 puppet President Diem of Vietnam had been
overthrown and executed. By 1964, the
North Vietnamese, with the assistance of the Communist Viet Cong and aided by
allies in Russia and China, began a massive drive to conquer the entire
country. Fearing a communist takeover of the entire region, the United States
grew increasingly wary of the progress of Ho Chi Minh and the Viet Cong,
finally making the controversial decision to commit troops to liberate the
region. By 1968, the Vietnam war was
underway.
Despite his advancing years, “Major the Space Dog” had
become something of a troop mascot and was inseparable from MacIntyre and so,
on May 27th 1968, Major bravely travelled with his master to Bien Hoa with the
48th Scout Dog Platoon. After a month of
in country processing, the platoon began moving up the country to establish a
permanent base camp at LZ Sally, located about 30 miles NW of the Imperial
Capital of Hue. By August 17, 1968 the
platoon had become fully operational and began its first field assignment,
supporting the ground infantry missions of the 101st Division.
By now Major had ably adapted to his new role as a highly
trained scout dog - capable of locating enemy tripwires, traps and troops at up
to a thousand yards - but soon after arriving in the unfamiliar jungles of
Vietnam, a melancholy aspect began to develop.
“Major isolated himself from the other dogs.” relates Jim
MacIntyre, “You could see a change in those once loving, deep hazel eyes. It wasn’t fear, more like a gradual loss of
faith with his masters.”
US Marines fighting in Hue |
As the grim reality of the war unfolded, Major - like many other
young Americans both canine and human - became increasingly unstable and took
to drinking. This habit ensured he
became a popular character as he often calmed himself by lounging with the
conscripts who would always toss a few beers into his bowl. Despite the obvious bouts of depression, his
head always remained clear and he never once neglected his duties.
Many remember his bravery and uncanny instincts. One particular evening, despite the fact that
he was off-duty and had been drinking for hours, he sounded an alert moments
before an unexpected sniper attack and this swift action was credited with
saving many lives.
“His love of life and his desire to protect those around him
at all costs, was his one enduring constant,” recalls MacIntyre.
Majors life was to reach its tragic end patrolling in the
mountains outside of Phu Bai. The platoon had only just left their base camp
when Major alerted them to a booby trap ahead.
“He was getting more agitated as the platoon prepared to move on. Feeling he was anxious, I tried to calm him. I had been assured the area was clear and was given the order to advance the platoon regardless. By now, there were serious doubts about Majors competence. He was getting old and had seen many friends disappear. I was beginning to think that he had finally freaked out. I should have known better.”
“As the order was given to move on, Major slipped my grasp and ran ahead. In a desperate final gesture to save his comrades, he ran forward into the dense jungle and deliberately slipped the tripwire that would surely have been fatal to the whole platoon. He didn’t stand a chance.”
“He was getting more agitated as the platoon prepared to move on. Feeling he was anxious, I tried to calm him. I had been assured the area was clear and was given the order to advance the platoon regardless. By now, there were serious doubts about Majors competence. He was getting old and had seen many friends disappear. I was beginning to think that he had finally freaked out. I should have known better.”
“As the order was given to move on, Major slipped my grasp and ran ahead. In a desperate final gesture to save his comrades, he ran forward into the dense jungle and deliberately slipped the tripwire that would surely have been fatal to the whole platoon. He didn’t stand a chance.”
Majors modest final resting place would be the Hartsdale pet
cemetery on Central Park Avenue in New York.
Where a small oblong gravestone bears the name of Major along with the
12 other canine casualties of the 48th Scout Dog Platoon.
Jim MacIntyre, an anti-war campaigner since his return from
Vietnam in 1971 and appearing more like an aging deadhead with his long grey
ponytail and ragged goatee, remembers Major fondly,
The planet Earth from orbit (Photo: NASA) |
I’m sure his last sad moments were filled with both
forgiveness, but confusion. He saw the best of us and the worst of us. I think he could never have comprehended the
senselessness of our war. He thought he
was fighting for a land of peace, I think in those final moments - dying in an
unfamiliar jungle - he realised we were just fighting over a piece of land. After all he had seen, I doubt he could
understand us at all.”